Discuss whether producing and selling private labels could be a viable Essay

Discuss whether producing and selling private labels could be a viable strategy for manufacturers of branded products - Essay Example There has been a considerable debate in the management literature regarding the fact that whether manufacturing and selling of private brands is a viable marketing strategy or not. This paper tries to present a balanced view regarding the topic by understanding the reasons for each of the stance. The concept of private label branding has often been criticized by researchers as it is essentially copying of the original brand. The research conducted by Kumar and Steenkamp (2007) has shown that the private labels mainly copy the packaging and content of the manufacturer brands that involves minimal research and developmental costs. The research conducted by Mitchell and Kearney (2002) had shown that following the private branding strategy can create a number of legal hassles for the companies because of incidents like trademark infringement, misappropriation of profits of original brand owners. The research conducted by J. Fernie, S. Fernie and Moore (2003) has shown that national brand manufacturers often decides to produce private labels because they can accrue efficiency gain from the process and eventually the manufacturers are able to produce products of superior quality at a lower cost or similar quality products at the same cost of production. The market strategy often t urns viable because the negotiation power of the retailers increase dusring the process. The research conducted by Bergà ¨s-Sennou, Bontems and Rà ©quillart (2004) has shown that national brand manufacturers often consider the strategy of producing the private labels beneficial if they find the concentration of the retail market share favourable. The synthesis of the current literature shows that the viability of production of private label depends on difference between the national brand produced by the manufacturers and the private brands produced by them. Producing private brands by national brand manufacturers will not be a

Peace and Free

Peace and Freedom Essay General accounts that place the American combat experience in the broader context of the 1918 campaign can be found in literature. Authors provide sound overviews of the AEFs European combat experience. Accounts of specific battles contain an excellent general description of the Marine combat experience on the Western Front. Perhaps influenced by recent trends in military history, many authors have attempted to come to grips with the wars impact on the individual soldier. Authors look at the Armys treatment of its black soldiers and of those soldiers reactions. There are also more detailed works on the black experience. They provide a fine general account of the African-American experience in the U. S. military. At the same time historians focused on the very important role women played at home. In The Women and the Warriors, Carrie Foster looks at the early history of the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom. He finds that its experience during the World War I greatly shaped its view of the world and the strategies it pursued during this period. The important scholarship on women during the war challenges the traditional interpretation of the war as, on the whole, a liberating experience for women. For historians are important local studies, focusing on official policy toward women and workers in general. There is also the psychosocial impact of the war on gender relations. What happens when the men come home is described by historians. Historians investigated also the history of industrial workers. They focused on the militarization of labor and on the relations among union leaders, capitalists, and military authorities. Historians covered labyrinthine administrative arrangements that economic mobilization engendered and trade union organization. Recent scholarship on the working class in wartime features a great many local studies. The history of daily life among civilians during the World War I has been investigated chiefly via local case studies. Many historians propose that the experience of the war on the home front often came down to â€Å"steel and turnips†Ã¢â‚¬â€ever-increasing demands for work and â€Å"efficiency, † and less and less to eat in the bargain. It almost goes without doubt that a disproportionate number of those undergoing these experiences were women and children. Some writers focus on the ideological impact of war work for the womens movement and consider the related issue of â€Å"pronatalism† as an element of wartime mentality. As to the children for whom working women continued to care, historians have studied the day-to-day life of those still in school and considered youth movements within the middle class. One social group of importance to both women and children was doctors. The relationship of both politicians and soldiers with the press has drawn a number of scholars. They have concentrated upon the issue of control and censorship touching on both censorship and ownership. The press was naturally an instrument for propaganda. The impact of theatre, photography, the infant cinema and, especially, the pioneering wartime film has been the subject of detailed consideration. Today the World War I is in modern memory as an incredible experience of our parents and grandparents. Its places of battles are partially preserved. Its equipment and accoutrements exhibited in museums. A balanced account of the entire period is captured in excellent historical works that always will be read with curiosity and amazement, as well as a growing understanding. References Coffman, Edward M. (1968). The War to End All Wars: The American Military Experience in World War I. New York: Oxford. Foster, Carrie A. (1995). The Women and the Warriors: The U. S. Section of the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom, 1915-1946. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. Kreidberg, Marvin A., and Merton G. Henry. (1955). History of Military Mobilization in the United States Army, 1775-1945. Washington, DC: Department of the Army. Perret, Geoffrey. (1989). A Country Made by War: From Revolution to Vietnam—The Story of Americas Rise to Power. New York: Random House. Plaschka, Richard Georg, Horst Haselsteiner, and Arnold Suppan. (1974). Innere Front: Militarassistenz, Widerstand und Umsturz in der Donaumonarchie, Vienna. Weigley, Russell F. (1973). The American Way of War: A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy. New York: Macmillan.

Eating Disorders in Males Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Eating Disorders in Males Eating disorders are largely considered to be a "female disease". Statistics seem to validate this perception – of the estimated five million-plus adults in the United States who have an eating disorder, only ten percent are thought to be male ((1)). Many professionals, however, hold the opinion that these numbers are incorrect – it is impossible to base the statistics on anything other than the number of adults diagnosed with eating disorders, and men are much less likely than women to seek help for such a problem ((2)). This means that the male population probably suffers more from eating disorders than the numbers show. The fact that the number of men who suffer from eating disorders is larger than most people think, and the fact that most people do not consider men to be susceptible to eating disorders at all, raise the question of whether or not we treat men who may have an eating disorder the same way we treat women. Simply put, this knowledge begs the question: is it more dangerous to be a man with an eating disorder than it is to be a woman with one? For quite some time, there was a great deal of debate within the medical community as to whether or not men develop eating disorders for the same reasons that women do ((2)). Since very few men are willing to participate in treatment and study programs for people suffering from eating disorders, there was little way of knowing what psychological factors triggered disordered eating in males. A study published in the April 2001 issue of an APA journal, which looked at men with eating disorders and compared them to women with eating disorders and men without eating disorders, found that "men are generally very similar to women in terms of co... ... them on the early signs of an eating disorder in their child. It is also important that doctors be aware of the possibility that one of their male patients may have an eating disorder, and that they treat any of the symptoms that would lead them to believe a female patient had an eating disorder just as seriously when those symptoms occur in a male patient. By working to erode the assumption that eating disorders are fundamentally un-masculine, we assure that men feel able to seek the same help that as women. Internet Sources: 1) http://www.jsonline.com/alive/news/aug00/eat14081300.asp 2) http://www.medem.com/search/article_display.cfm?path=\\TANQUERAY\M_ContentItem&mstr=/M_ContentItem/ZZZ0626R6LC.html&soc=APA&srch_typ=NAV_SERCH 3) http://www.something-fishy.org/cultural/issuesformen.php 4) http://mentalhealth.about.com/library/sci/0401/blbul401.htm

Outline Ways to Help Children to Develop Communication and Language Skills Essay

Parents play a critical role in a child’s language and communication development. It is thought that children who are read to and spoken with during early childhood, will have a larger vocabulary and better grammar than those who aren’t. There are different ways in using language. Verbal ways are to question, clarify, describe, explain and debate. There are also non-verbal ways to communicate like listening, looking and touching. There are many ways to nurture your childs language and communication development. Being able to communicate and express ones self can build self confidence, self esteem and the knowing of ones self and surroundings Talking to your child, tell your child what is going to happen for example, â€Å"Now we’re going to take a bath. When you get dry, we’ll get dressed.† Reading. Parents can start with simple board books and progress to picture books and longer stories as their child gets older. Story times where they can use their imagination and have an input in the stories are also effective. Follow your child’s lead. Repeat there babbles and laughs back to them, ask questions and interact with them. If the child seems interested in a picture in a book, by talking about it and discussing it, this helps the child to develop an interest. Music. Young children love music and dance. When they listen to lively songs or rhymes they learn about the world around them and the rhythm of language. This can help the child learn to thread words together to form sentences. Repeat their statements back to them with the correct pronunciation or word usage. Give your child lots of praise for their efforts. Try not to pressure or expect to much from your child as this can discourage them in exceeding. Television and computers can influence speech and communication. Some educational programs can be beneficial to kids but tv shows don’t interact or respond to children. Computer games are interactive, but they aren’t changeable to a child’s ideas. Go on days out. A visit to the zoo, the aquarium or a museum will open up a whole new world. They may even want to learn the names of all the creatures and activities they experienced Role play. Role play is great for expanding your child’s imagination and introducing new vocabulary. Games involving different characters will allow you to introduce lots of new related language and stretch your child’s creative play skills. Pretending to be a firemen putting a fire out can introduce many relating words fire, fireman, fire engine, ladder, water, hose, burning, building, driving, climbing, up, down, smoke, hat, boots, jackets, save, squirt, bucket, fire out, hero, etc. Role play with others encourages the sharing of ideas and opinions.

Journey to Sakhalin

The Saline project was the first Russian production-sharing agreement (AS) with foreign corporations. A AS is a commercial contract between investor(s) who are willing to make a large, long term and high risk investments with the host country that has the natural recourses (usually oil and/or gas) to exploit. The terms behind AAAS are usually deferent than regular commercial contracts, as they usually bypass some of the regulations that the host country imposes on foreign Investments.The agreements also last for the Lifetime of the project. Under the terms of the AS, the investing company gets the larger share of venues at the beginning of the contract to recoup the cost of investment. As time goes by, the net revenues (revenues after the cost of operations) are shared between the investment companies and the host country, usually a 20/80 split. AAAS are controversial In Russia because they bypass some of the taxes and licenses that a foreign company would have to pay.Previous foreig n companies had worked In Russia under the regular tax system, therefore It was argued that AAAS don't treat all businesses equally and create a sense of unfairness. Furthermore, AAAS apply only to Greenfield.. Greenfield are unexploited, undeveloped large pieces of lands with exploitable resources, and some circles felt that Russia should not cheaply bargain away these coveted lands. AAAS are agreements between the foreign direct investors (FED) and the federal Russian government; thereby limiting the power of the mid-level establishment, traditionally and politically a powerful group In Russian Pollock.At the time of the agreement, the local Saline Government, led by Governor Igor Verification, was a key player in the decision, mainly because Verification was politically influential and in favor of the project. After the fall of the communist regime, Russian GAP fell by 50% and up to half of the population was living below the poverty line. Oil and gas constituted the main export earnings of Russia, whose borders encompassed the largest supply of gas In the world (30%). Attempts by Russia to privative state-owned energy firms had mixed results.The OLL Industry produced a number of vertically integrated firms such as Skidpan and Subnet, which formed the basics of a competitive environment. Conversely, prevarication of the gas industry produced a single, dominant company: Gazpacho. At times, it appeared that he Russian Government acted on behalf of Gazpacho due to the significantly higher impact this Industry had on the Russian economy, and because It was a 38% stakeholder In the company. As Gazpacho controlled 20% of the worlds gas production, tenure were gallants political Interests escalated Witt ten development of this industry in Russia.Thus far, Russian's exports were mainly to Europe, as Russia had been unable to build pipelines to East Asia and Japan. The energy sector constituted 20% of GAP, and Gazpacho alone was responsible for 8%. The growing econo mies of the Far East, combined with Russian's need to exploit its oil and gas serves (both for economic reasons, as well as for political influence) helped push Russia to seek Foreign Direct Investment (FED). Russia also required foreign expertise, as transportation of gas to Asia would require a Liquefied Natural Gas (LONG) facility; something they did not have the technical ability to create.Foreign partnerships then offered the fastest and most efficient way of developing previously inaccessible resource field as well as exporting to new markets. Previous administrative scandals (BP Amoco) showed Russia to be politically and financially risky, causing a decrease in FED. A AS agreement would prove a good faith gesture from Russia that it was ready to enter the world economy, and to overcome the bureaucratic history and corruption that has scared away foreign companies.Shell would not have invested $108 in the Saline II project [exhibit 1] without a AS. Russia needed this first AS to attract future FED, and as such would likely be most generous with the terms of its first AS. Successful execution of a AS by Shell, could create future opportunities to exploit additional Greenfield development in Russia. Despite these advantages, there were several downsides. Protectionism by members of the Russian Dumb meant that this AS was rapidly becoming politicized and might face ongoing challenges..One term of the AS was that Saline Energy Investment Company (SIC) needed to use 70% Russian labor and goods for the part of the project measured as measured man- hours and volume of material; however the oil industry in Russia was mainly functioning on ground and had very little experience with offshore activities as exampled by Russian's inability to build and maintain a Liquefied Natural Gas (LONG) plant. The terms of this part of the agreement were particularly vague, as it was roll defined what would be considered Russian â€Å"content† in the project.Additionally, enforcement of the AS would be difficult due to the geographical remoteness of the project. * Investments in Saline did not Just include the production facilities, but also contributions to the local administration. SIC was responsible for the upgrade (or construction) of the island infrastructure as well as other wish-lists of improvements. The SIC also had to provide local community sponsorships of facilities, scholarships and grants as well as maintaining good relationships with environmental activists. Saline Island is a pristine environment.In order to be successful, social and public relations have to be a priority, which could prove to be challenging since the business of exploiting oil and gas is usually brutal to the environment as well as the economic and social landscape of local communities. Care in negotiations had to be achieved in order to sponsor projects that would keep the local residents happy and friendly, and yet keep a tight control on spending for these proje cts and not inflame environmentalists. * Navigation of local politics was also a challenge.In the first stages of a project like this, good relations with local government employees are sometimes more important than relations with politicians higher up in ten unlearning as most approvals are cone locally. As ten project progressed, Ethereal authorities became more important as Putting attempted to reinstitution central authority. Another obstacle was the legal system. Difficulties and delays in obtaining approvals for the Technical and Economic Substantiation for Construction (TCO) as well as a lack of stabilization in the Russian legal system endangered the project as it would not proceed as scheduled without them.Without changes to the legal system, arms of the Saga's agreements that conflicted with current Russian laws could not be enforced and increased the risks associated with the investment. Despite these obstacles Shell should invest in Saline. There are very few Greenfield available with the production capacity of Saline. Exploitation of non-developed lands allows for the building of new technology instead of maintaining old equipment. This is more efficient and therefore more profitable. The initial costs are lower as there is no need to dismantle old facilities to build new ones.It allows Shell to gain a foothold in Russia which has a large reserves of oil and gas. When at full capacity, Saline could produce up to 5% of the world LONG needs making this a critical strategic investment for Russia. Russia needs to rebuild its economy and is now ready to offer better deals then it would in the future. It does not have the technology to build offshore platforms and LONG producing capabilities. It needs these facilities to access new markets and the location of Saline in the Arctic has great potential in these regards.The Saline II AS agreement has terms that will be difficult to match in the future and has the advantage of reducing the influence of the R ussian oligarchy in the business dealings. Russia would not Jeopardize its standing as a 68 country and is motivated to have successful foreign investments. Of course one company to watch is Gazpacho. It is a major player in Russian politics and may feel threatened to have the East Asian market closed to them. Shell should be open to the idea of having Gazpacho be part of the Consortium.To mitigate the risk, Shell should try to attract more investors to distribute the risk, at least at the beginning while costs are high, then buy the shares back once production brings in stable revenues. They should follow the given requirements very carefully and ensure that they keep maintain heir end of the bargain by hiring the requisite local contractors and labor force. Shell should behave as a good neighbor as much as possible by making sure that the environment is being taken care of.Natural resource industries require large capital investments and are politically difficult to navigate. They have such a significant geopolitical impact that the Coos of these companies do not make agreements with the heads of other companies, but rather with heads of state. Their decisions do not just affect the shareholders of the company, but also the access of energy by their win country as well. If the political climate changes with a new government hostile to the home country of the company, no commercial contract can be legally enforced.A company could lose all of its investments in the host country should they be removed from the operations while the plants and equipment remain. Depending on the level of hostility and the impact the resources of a country have on the global energy supply, escalation may involve military force to secure indispensable resources. Usually the countries with the companies that have the most technical expertise do to own the lands that contain the resources and the countries with the resources do not have the technical expertise to exploit them.It creat es a mutual (although wary) Interdependence. An 011 company cannot easily select to another site Ana move Its platforms, refineries and pipelines, while the host country cannot operate the equipment without the technical knowledge of the companies (which is the company's only leverage). Both sides need to do a a diplomatic dance, constantly negotiating give and takes on the exploitation of these resources. Exhibit 1: Saline 2 project

Slang and shortened words are too casual and vague to others

Slang and shortened words are too casual and vague to others Hashtag: #RuinAFriendShipin5Words Social Media Words and Phrases in the Academic World Slang and Shortened Words are Too Casual and Vague to Others Slang words like â€Å"cops† and â€Å"pigs†, phrases similar to â€Å"It’s cool†, and shortened words such as texting terms (â€Å"r u†, â€Å"2moro†, etc.) are never tolerated in the academic sphere. One good reason is that readers of academic papers are not limited to natives, but include individuals from different ethnic groups who do not understand English slang words. Another is the fact that slang words are too informal for scholarly works that are mostly intended for a critical and educated audience. Shortened words, on the other hand, are usually texting terms that are rarely used in the academic sphere and may be misinterpreted by some readers. Identifying somebody from Asia using the phrase â€Å"that Oriental man† is offensive and humiliating to that particular person. Similarly, calling or labeling a black person â€Å"Nigger† is a mockery of his ethnicity. Moreover, they signify racial discrimination, a humanitarian issue that the academic world strongly opposed. People commonly use the word â€Å"retard† as a more sarcastic substitute for the word â€Å"stupid†. â€Å"Retard† is, in reality, a hate speech and oral transgression generally aimed to make somebody with mental and developmental disabilities feel bad. The word â€Å"retard† according to one study is scary and hurtful to those with intellectual problems. The affected individual often feels bitterness and often becomes aloof and socially isolated. Derogatory, Discriminatory, and Rude Words Offend People Insulting and discriminatory words hurt people’s feelings and dignity as human beings and therefore unacceptable in the academic world. The word â€Å"toilet† may be all right for other people, but it is insulting to an older generation. Similarly, words such as â€Å"wuss† or a weakling, â€Å"derp† or foolish and popular phrases like â€Å"That’s so gay† and â€Å"Don’t be a girl† have a huge emotional impact on people. A college in the United Kingdom banned the words â€Å"history†, â€Å"lady†, â€Å"mad†, â€Å"crazy†, and â€Å"slaving† because they are offensive to different people. These insulting words according to this institution offend women, ethnic groups, homosexuals, and upset those with mental illness. The phrase â€Å"taking the Mickey† is considered Anti-Irish and therefore racially offensive. The phrase â€Å"Go to hell† that most people frequently hear on TV is cruel and severely degrade someone’s dignity. Similarly, swear or rude words like â€Å"damn†, â€Å"scumbag†, â€Å"cripple†, and other dirty or obscene language hurts people’s feelings and dignity. These foul languages are somewhat comparable to Twitter users phrases that are offensive enough to #RuinAFriendShipin5Words such as â€Å"Dude, your sister is hot†, â€Å"I don’t like infected mushrooms†, or â€Å"Wow your baby is dumb† Ethics is the main reason for restricting these offensive and derogatory words. The academic world is against any form of marginalization, bias, narrow-mindedness, and stereotyping. The other reason is practical. For example, the meaning of incomplete words is often difficult to comprehend and therefore likely to be misunderstood and interpreted differently by readers. Words that are not inclusive can personally affect some readers while others, thinking that such words are inapplicable to their circumstances, disregard them at once.

Pa Element or Protactinium Facts

Pa Element or Protactinium Facts Protactinium is a radioactive element predicted to exist in 1871 by Mendeleev, although it was not discovered until 1917 or isolated until 1934. The element has atomic number 91 and element symbol Pa. Like most elements on the periodic table, protactinium is a silver-colored metal. However, the metal is dangerous to handle because it and its compounds are both toxic and radioactive. Here are useful and interesting Pa element facts: Name: Protactinium (previously brevium and then protoactinium, but the IUPAC shortened the name to protactinium in 1949 to make the element name easier to pronounce) Atomic Number: 91 Symbol: Pa Atomic Weight: 231.03588 Discovery: Fajans Gohring 1913; Fredrich Soddy, John Cranston, Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner 1917 (England/France). Dmitri Mendeleev predicted the existed of an element between thorium and uranium on the periodic table. However, the actinide group was not known at that time. William Crookes isolated protactinium from uranium in 1900, but he was unable to characterize it, so does not get credit for discovery. Protactinium was not isolated as a pure element until 1934 by  Aristid von Grosse. Electron Configuration: [Rn] 7s2 5f2 6d1 Word Origin: Greek protos, meaning first. Fajans and Gohring in 1913 named the element brevium, because the isotope they discovered, Pa-234, was short-lived. When Pa-231 was identified by Hahn and Meitner in 1918, the name protoactinium was adopted because this name was considered to be more consistent with the characteristics of the most abundant isotope (protactinium forms actinium when it radioactively decays). In 1949, the name protoactinium was shortened to protactinium. Isotopes: Protactinium has 13 isotopes. The most common isotope is Pa-231, which has a half-life of 32,500 years. The first isotope to be discovered was Pa-234, which was also called UX2. Pa-234 is a short-lived member of the naturally occurring U-238 decay series. The longer-lived isotope, Pa-231, was identified by Hahn and Meitner in 1918. Properties: The atomic weight of protactinium is 231.0359, its melting point is 1600 °C, specific gravity has been calculated to be 15.37, with a valence of 4 or 5. Protactinium has a bright metallic luster which is retained for a while in air. The element is superconductive below 1.4K. Several protactinium compounds are known, some of which are colored. Protactinium is an alpha emitter (5.0 MeV) and is a radiological hazard which requires special handling. Protactinium is one of the rarest and most expensive naturally occurring elements. Sources:  The element occurs in pitchblende to the extent of about 1 part Pa-231 to 10 million parts ore. In general, Pa only occurs at a concentration of a few parts per trillion in the Earths crust. While originally isolated from uranium ores, today protactinium is made as a fission intermediate in thorium high-temperature nuclear reactors. Other Interesting Protactinium Facts In solution, the 5 oxidation state quickly combines with hydroxide ions to form (radioactive) hydroxy-oxide solids that stick to the surface of the container.Protactinium has no stable isotopes.Handling of protactinium is similar to that of plutonium, due to its potent radioactivity.Even if it was not radioactive, protactinium would present a health risk because the element is also a toxic metal.The largest amount of protactinium obtained to date was 125 grams, which the Great Britain Atomic Energy Authority extracted from 60 tons of nuclear waste.Although protactinium has few uses aside from research purposes, it may be combined with the isotope thorium-230 to date marine sediments.The estimated cost of one gram of protactinium is about $280. Element Classification: Radioactive Rare Earth (Actinide) Density (g/cc): 15.37 Melting Point (K): 2113 Boiling Point (K): 4300 Appearance: silvery-white, radioactive metal Atomic Radius (pm): 161 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 15.0 Ionic Radius: 89 (5e) 113 (3e) Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.121 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 16.7 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 481.2 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.5 Oxidation States: 5, 4 Lattice Structure: Tetragonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 3.920 Sources Emsley, John (2011).  Natures building blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-960563-7.Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).  Chemistry of the Elements  (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.Hammond, C. R. (2004). The Elements, in  Handbook of Chemistry and Physics  (81st ed.). CRC press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.Weast, Robert (1984).  CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4. Return to the Periodic Table

How and Where to Sell Your Clothes for Cash Complete Guide

How and Where to Sell Your Clothes for Cash Complete Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you looking for ways to make some extra money? One of your best assets for fast cash could be sitting in your closet. Rather than letting your old clothes collect dust, try selling them online or at a local secondhand store. This comprehensive guide has all of the places to sell clothes for cash online or in person. First, consider these general principles of selling your clothing and accessories secondhand. Selling Your Clothes: What You Need to Know There are two main options for selling your clothes: online or at a secondhand store. If you sell your clothes online, you can use a general e-commerce site, like eBay, or go through a clothing marketplace, like thredUP. Either way, you'll be able to reach buyers all across the globe. If you prefer to make the sale in person, then you can do so at numerous secondhand clothing stores across the country. How does pricing work when you post your used clothes for sale? When you sell online, you can often set your own price. Usually, pre-worn clothes are set somewhere between one-third and one-half of the original retail price. You probably won’t be able to sell your $300 leather jacket for its original price, but rather should aim for somewhere between $100 and $150. Most second hand stores sell your clothing for one-third of the original retail price. Then, they give you one-third of that. As you can tell, you can potentially make more cash for clothes when you sell online. However, you'll also likely be investing more of your time. You can set your own prices, but you have to input more labor. When choosing how to sell your clothes, you should think about your return on investment in terms of both profits and time. However you choose to sell your clothes, you should present them in the best light. Your clothes should be freshly laundered and wrinkle-free. Ideally, they’re stylish and in good condition. If you’re selling online, then you may be responsible for presenting your items with high-quality photographs and realistic descriptions. If you’re selling clothes to a brick-and-mortar second hand shop, then the vendor will sort through your items and decide which ones to accept. Read on for the best ways to sell your clothes online and in person, along with some tips for successfully selling your old clothes for cash. Let's take a closer look at the best places to sell your clothes for cash! Best Places to Sell Clothes Online Selling your clothes online is a great way to reach an unlimited number of buyers across many locations. You can interact directly with shoppers by setting up an eBay account, posting on Craigslist, or advertising on your own social media channels. Alternatively, you can use a third party marketplace that specializes in certain kinds of clothes and helps you with payments, shipping, and advertising. Read on for the top websites to get cash for clothes online, whether you’re selling directly to shoppers or using a third party to sell women’s, children’s, men’s, or designer clothing. For Selling Clothes Directly If you use any of the following websites to sell used clothes for cash, then you’ll be responsible for posting images, setting a price, choosing a buyer, and shipping your goods. While the process may take some time at first to set up, it will get faster and easier with practice. There are some fees to watch out for, but you’ll be keeping most, if not all, of the profits. Here are the top sites to sell your clothes directly to shoppers, no strings attached. eBay If you want to reach a wide audience to sell old clothes, eBay is the way to go. To become an eBay seller, you first have to set up an account. Anyone who buys from you will give feedback. As long as you accurately describe your items and ship them on time, you should get a high rating. With a high rating, shoppers will see you as a reliable seller. Once you have your account, you’ll upload images of your clothing and write descriptions. Make sure to provide accurate descriptions of each item, with the brand name, color, and size, so that it will come up in a keyword search. You can let users bid on your item or set a â€Å"Buy It Now† price. You also choose shipping options, which the buyer selects and pays for. The transactions are conducted via PayPal. Once someone buys your item, you should ship it on time to ensure a good review. Pros: Set your own price Can build up a good reputation as a seller Sell anything you want Cons: Process can be time consuming Responsible for all aspects of transaction and shipping Unclear how popular eBay is for clothes shopping If you're willing to handle the transactions yourself, then eBay is a good option for selling your clothing. VarageSale VarageSale started in 2012 and now has millions of users across the USA and globe. Like Craigslist, it connects people within a community and allows them to sell and buy any type of clothing they want. You create an account, upload photos of your items, and set a price. When you approve a buyer, then you’ll set a meeting location to exchange the item. Because you’ll sell old clothes to people in your community, you typically won’t have to ship anything. You'll meet up and get money for clothes. Pros: Safe, increasingly popular platform Free to use Unlimited listings Easy to use interface Cons: Buyers limited by location and to users of VarageSale Craigslist You can sell just about anything you want on Craigslist. Like VarageSale, your audience will mainly be limited to people in your community who can pick up the items in person. You set the price, decide how you want the buyer to contact you, and choose a meeting location. Unless you set up an alternative payment system, the buyer will likely give you cash. Pros: Easy to use Keep 100% of profits Cons: Site not specific to clothes shopping Limited by geographic location When you sell through VarageSale or Craigslist, you set a meeting spot, like your house or a public place, to finish the transaction. Fam Fam is a members-only app where you can sell your clothes via your phone or another mobile device. You’ll upload pictures and descriptions and categorize your items by brand and size. Buyers shop by community, which might be a clothing brand or size. You need a Paypal account to use Fam. When someone buys an item, you’re responsible for shipping it and sending the buyer the tracking number. Pros: App gives you constant updates about buying and selling Specific to buying and selling clothing Cons: Only on mobile device Mostly limited to high-quality, fashionable contemporary or vintage items Your Own Social Media - Facebook, Instagram, etc. Finally, you could test out your entrepreneurial skills by advertising clothing on your own social media channels. You could invite friends to your Facebook page or Instagram feed, where you post photos of clothes. It’s not technically against the rules to let people bid in the comments. Since these sites are not geared toward e-commerce, you’ll have to figure out your own payment system, whether through Paypal or something else. You’ll also have to do all of your own advertising. Pros: No fees Can establish your own online clothing store Cons: Limited audience Success depends on your own social media and marketing skills Now let’s take a look at online marketplaces that specifically buy and sell secondhand clothing. Apps like Fam allow you to sell clothes right from your phone! For Selling Through an Online Secondhand Clothing Store These online vendors look at your clothes - either photos or the clothes themselves - and decide which ones meet their standards. Then, they’ll post and advertise whatever pieces they accept. Some stores, like thredUP, pay you based on what items they accept. Others, like Tradesy, are consignment stores that pay you a percentage of the profits once an item sells. All the stores take a commission fee of anywhere from 6% to 40%. Let’s look at the top vendors for women’s clothing, designer labels, and menswear. For Women’s Clothing The following two online marketplaces will advertise your clothes and help you through the shipping process. They prefer brand name clothes from stores like Zara, American Eagle, or J. Crew, or designer labels, like Burberry and Gucci. Both Tradesy and thredUP sell women’s clothing, while thredUP also accepts children’s clothing. Tradesy Tradesy is a consignment store that pays you when an item sells. It accepts all kinds of clothing, accessories, designer goods, and even wedding and bridesmaid dresses. To sell your clothes with Tradesy, you create an account and upload high-quality images of your items. Tradesy chooses which items to accept, and then it enhances your images to make them look professional. You can set your own prices. When an item sells, Tradesy will send you a pre-paid, pre-addressed shipping kit. The company deducts a 9% commission for any sales. In the case the buyer decides to return an item, you’ll typically get to keep your earnings, unless you misrepresented the item to begin with. Pros: Easy to use Set your own price Helps with shipping Cons: 9% commission fee Items could be rejected If you're using Tradesy, you'll make money once your item sells. thredUP thredUP is a good option if you have children’s clothes to sell, as well as any women’s clothing. Unlike some other online stores, you actually ship your clothes to thredUP as a first step, rather than just uploading images. To sell with thredUP, you first order one of its signature â€Å"clean-out bags.† You fill the bag with your clothes, and then send it to thredUP. The company will then evaluate your items and decide which ones to accept. It takes about three weeks for thredUP to process a clean-out bag. You’ll get paid based on what thredUP accepts and the selling price it assigns to each of your items. Any unaccepted clothes are donated to charity, or you can pay $9.99 to have the unaccepted items returned to you. Before sending your clean-out bag, make sure to check thredUP’s list of accepted clothing brands. Pros: Get paid based on what thredUP accepts, rather than what sells Can sell women’s and children’s clothes Cons: Must pay extra if you want unaccepted items returned to you Don’t know how much you’ll make for several weeks For Designer Labels and Vintage Finds Do you have any designer items or exceptional vintage finds that you’re looking to sell? These online shops connect buyers and sellers look to exchange high-end clothing and accessories. These high-end marketplaces are looking for designer labels. Poshmark As its name implies, Poshmark is looking for high-end brands and designer labels. They accept women’s, men’s, and children’s clothing. When you sell with Poshmark, you set your prices, plus you leave wiggle room for negotiation. Poshmark suggests you discount your item by at least 30% to 40% of the original retail price. For any sale under $15, Poshmark takes a flat commission of $2.95, and you keep the rest. For pricier sales, Poshmark takes 20%, and you keep 80%. You can spend your money at Poshmark or withdraw it as cash within three days of the delivery of your item. Poshmark helps you with shipping by sending a pre-paid, pre-addressed USPS shipping label when an item sells. You’re responsible for shipping any sold clothing within two days of purchase. If the package is over five pounds, then you’ll have to pay a little more for shipping. Pros: Accepts women’s, men’s, and children’s clothing Helps you with shipping Reputable site with safe transactions Cons: Limited to high-end labels Relatively large commission of 20% Poshmark helps you send your clothes to buyers with prepaid, pre-addressed shipping labels. Snobswap Snobswap is an online marketplace that also has several boutiques in New York, LA, Miami, Washington, DC, and other cities. It sells designer goods and helps you set prices based on the item’s brand, category, and condition. You can list your items for free, but Snobswap must approve each listing, a process that takes up to 72 hours. You’re responsible for the description, pictures, pricing, and shipping, which you should do within one to three days of purchase. Snobswap will deliver your earnings into a bank account or Paypal account. The company takes a 15% commission fee. Pros: Unlimited listings You have control over description and selling price Cons: Limited to certain designer brands Not a lot of reviews currently, so perhaps not a lot of users The RealReal The RealReal is another site for pre-worn designer items, both women’s and men’s. If you have 10 items or less, then you request a pre-paid Fedex shipping label and send off your clothes. The RealReal will evaluate, photograph, and price your items over the next 10 to 15 days. Any unaccepted items are returned to you. If you have more than 10 items, then you may qualify for the company’s White Glove Service. The RealReal will send a Luxury Manager to your home to pick up the clothing free of charge. You’ll get 60% of sales under $9,999 and 70% of sales totaling $10,000 or more. Sellers get paid on the 15th of every month for items that were sold during the previous month. Pros: Can submit items for free White Glove Service for qualifying sellers Accepts both women’s and men’s clothing Cons: Limited to designer labels High commission fee of 30-40% If you're selling more than 10 designer items, then you'll qualify for The RealReal's fancy White Glove Service. For Men’s Clothing As you read above, some online used clothing stores, like VarageSale and Poshmark, accept men’s clothing. Most of the other sites, though, cater exclusively to women. This next site is one of the rare stops online for pre-worn men’s clothes. Grailed Grailed is a community marketplace for men’s clothing. You’re responsible for listing your items and providing descriptions and images. You can communicate with buyers and decide whether or not to accept their offers. To hedge your bets, you can accept several offers. Whoever pays first gets the item. Grailed has three clothing categories: Grailed, Hype, and Basics. The Grailed marketplace is, according to the site, â€Å"reserved from high quality, coveted items...typically from well-known designers and in wearable condition.† Items in the Hype section should be new releases or streetwear. The Basics section contains â€Å"well-known mass market brands† and vintage clothes. Grailed takes a relatively low commission fee of only 6%, and it discounts this fee for popular sellers. You'll make money on an item once it sells. You’ll use Paypal and be responsible for shipping and providing tracking information to buyers. Pros: One of the few sites that only sells men’s clothing Accepts a range of clothes and brands Low commission fee Cons: No help with shipping Audience limited to Grail shoppers Grailed is one of the rare online marketplaces that caters exclusively to men's pre-worn clothing. Tips for Selling Clothes Online To be successful selling clothes online, you should become close friends with your camera. Unless the site photographs your clothes for you, you’ll be responsible for uploading pictures and writing descriptions. You want to present your items in the best light, literally. You should try to take your picture in natural light from several angles - perhaps five per item. Make sure the background is simple, plain, and clean. Try to give as realistic a representation of each item as possible, in terms of both the images and descriptions, which should discuss the item’s brand, size, and condition. Besides presenting your items well, you may also have to navigate your way around a PayPal account. You’ll simply need to set up an account and link your credit card or bank account information. PayPal charges 2.9% + 30 cents for transactions made with a debit card or credit card. If you’d prefer to bring your clothes to a store in person rather than sell them online, then you’ll likely find several options in your area. Read on for the best used clothing stores throughout the country. To successfully sell your clothes online, you have to be comfortable using the website and, for most stores, uploading high-quality images and descriptions. Best Brick-and-Mortar Stores for Selling Your Clothes There are several franchised used clothing stores with locations throughout the country. You might also have an independent store in your area, something you can locate with a quick Google search. The following five stores have numerous branches throughout the U.S. Read on for the best places to sell clothes for cash. Buffalo Exchange Buffalo Exchange sells men and women’s clothing in Arizona, California, Colorado, DC, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, and Washington. Some stores are more crowded than others, but all accept walk-ins and will evaluate your clothing on the spot. You’ll get cash for clothes they accept based on the selling price of the item. Most stores price items at around 30% of the original retail price. Then, they’ll usually give you 30% back in cash. If you choose store credit over cash, then you may get a higher percentage of the selling price, like 50%. According to its website, Buffalo Exchange is â€Å"always buying the best of all seasons, including current trends, denim, designer, everyday basics, leather, vintage, and one-of-a-kind items.† Your clothes should be freshly laundered, ironed, and in good condition. If you don’t have a store nearby, you can also use Buffalo Exchange’s â€Å"sell by mail† program. To use this program, you would send about 20 to 40 pieces of clothing in a prepaid shipping bag. Buffalo Exchange will process your items in four to six weeks. Pros: Popular store Many locations Accepts walk-ins Cons: May make less money than you would selling online Swedish-born Kerstin and Spencer Block founded Buffalo Exchange in 1974. The successful store got its name because the founders "thought the word 'buffalo' sounded very American." Clothes Mentor Clothes Mentor is another popular secondhand store with 138 stores across 29 states, plus 50 more stores opening soon. Their process and pricing are similar to those of Buffalo Exchange. They accept walk-ins, pay cash on the spot, and pay about one-third of the selling price, which is set at about one-third of the original retail price. The whole evaluation process takes just 20 to 30 minutes. Pros: Many locations Accepts walk-ins Get cash on the spot Cons: May make less money than you would selling online Uptown Cheapskate Uptown Cheapskate is another option for selling your clothes if you live close to one of its 40 locations in 17 states. You walk in with your clothes and get cash back on the spot. If you like, Uptown Cheapskate will donate any leftover items to charity. They accept women’s clothing from sizes 0 to 18 or XS to 2XL. They also accept men’s clothing from XS to 2XL. Pros: No appointment required No required brands Cons: Not as many locations as some other stores Plato’s Closet Plato’s Closet is geared toward gently used children’s and young adult clothing and accessories. They accept brands like Aeropostale, American Eagle, Billabong, Lululemon, and Steve Madden at over 450 locations across the U.S. and Canada. Plato’s Closet doesn’t require appointments, so you can walk in with your or your kids’ clothes and get cash back on the spot. The store doesn’t have a set fee or cash back policy, instead stating that they determine pricing based on style, condition, and brand. Pros: Specifically geared toward children’s and young adult clothing Many locations Cons: Reviews suggest that the store is picky and doesn’t give much cash back Plato himself held the first clothing swap, where philosophers and scholars tried on each other's togas while discussing the meaning of life. 2nd Time Around 2nd Time Around is a consignment store with locations in Connecticut, Illinois, Florida, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington, DC. You’ll need to make an appointment with your local store to present your items. For the items it accepts, 2nd Time Around prices clothing at 30% to 40% of the original retail value and high-end handbags at 50% to 65% of retail price. As for new items with tags, it will price them at 50% of retail price. For any items that sell, you’ll receive 50% to 70% of the final selling price. If you like, 2nd Time Around will donate any unaccepted items to the Joyful Heart Association. Pros: Get higher percentage of selling price than some other stores Accessible if you live on the east coast Cons: No walk-ins Limited brands High commission fee Local Secondhand Clothing Stores Finally, you might have an independent secondhand clothing store in your area that buys used clothing. Boston, for instance, has The Garment District, and NYC has Beacon’s Closet. If you want to go local, check out the website or call to see what clothes they accept and whether they take walk-ins or require an appointment. If you decide to sell your clothes in person at a used clothing store, what steps should you take? Look locally to find even more options for secondhand clothing stores. Tips for Selling Clothes to Secondhand Clothing Stores Secondhand clothing stores tend to be selective about what they accept. To be successful, you should wash and iron all your clothes to present them in the neatest condition possible. You might also call the store beforehand to get a sense of what it’s looking for in terms of season and style. Often, the best time to sell clothes is in the few months preceding their season. For instance, stores are more likely to buy summer clothing between February and June. Much later, and they’ll be more interested in fall and winter clothing. Finally, you could ask the company about the best time to come in to avoid a long wait. If no other sellers are in front of you, then you might be able to get in and out of the store within 20 minutes with cash for clothes in hand. Beside these numerous options for selling your clothes in person or online, there’s one more traditional way worth mentioning - holding a yard sale yourself. Sell Clothes the Old-Fashioned Way A final way to sell your clothes is to hold a yard sale. You could put up signs on the street or advertise to friends and family through social media. You probably can’t set as high prices at a yard sale as you would online, but you may get some buyers if you live in an area with lots of people traffic. What about those clothes that don’t sell, but you still want to get rid of? Is there any financial benefit to be had for items that are no longer in style? If none of these other options appeal to you, you could always try having a yard sale to sell your clothes. Donate Your Leftover Clothing For any clothes that don’t sell, you can donate them to a charity, like Goodwill or the Salvation Army. Not only will you be helping people in need, but your donations will be tax deductible. Indirectly, you’ll still be getting some cash back for your old clothes. Now that you know where to sell your old clothes (so many options!), how do you start? How can you sort through your wardrobe and effectively clear out the outfits that you no longer wear? How to Sort Through Your Clothes Effectively Do you ever feel like your drawers of full of clothes yet you have nothing to wear? Do you wish you could minimize but aren’t sure how to start? If you’re suffering from having too much stuff, you’re not alone. Consider the following statistics: One of out every 10 Americans rents offsite storage for their possessions (New York Magazine). The home organization industry has more than doubled in size since the 2000s (Uppercase). The average American woman owns over 30 outfits (Forbes). Most of us could benefit from cutting through the clutter, but minimizing is easier said than done. While it’s easy to think you might like an outfit again someday, it’s more likely that you won’t circle back to it. One of the best ways to sort through your clothing is to take everything out of your drawers and closets. Consider each item individually, deciding whether it makes you happy. Would you enjoy wearing this item today (weather permitting)? If you find yourself hemming and hawing, then you’re probably better off without it. Put back the pieces that you know you love and want to wear, and sell or donate the rest. Not only will you make some cash back, but you’ll feel the benefits of a more organized and decluttered life. Clean out your cluttered closet and make some cash by selling your old clothes to a secondhand store. Selling Clothes for Cash: Final Thoughts Whether you’re looking to clean out your closet, make some fast cash, start an online boutique for all of your amazing vintage finds, or all of the above, you can easily sell your old clothes for cash. According to Racked, reselling clothing has exploded into a $16 billion industry, and is continuing to grow at a rate of 6% each year. Online marketplaces and retailers connect you with a wide array of buyers across the country and world. Used clothing stores, like Buffalo Exchange and Plato’s Closet, also let you walk in and sell your clothes for cash in one quick stop. Since there are so many options, you have to think about which selling technique makes most sense for you. Selling online usually means you can make more money, but you'll also have to invest more of your time into the transaction. Selling at a local store may mean less profit, but it could be more efficient overall. Whichever method you choose, you'll want to find a balance among your time, energy, and money you make back on clothing you no longer wear. By selling your clothes, you can make money, clear out your closet, and reduce waste as part of the recycled clothing movement. Win-win-win.

General Rule for Nationals of Member States Case Study

General Rule for Nationals of Member States - Case Study Example The public policy, security and health derogations are given a narrow scope and are determined by the ECJ and secondary legislation. Directive 64/2212 provides for the issuing of directives to coordinate these measures. The directive applies to the employed, self-employed and their families, recipients of services, retired persons and students, but not to companies. All the main provisions are directly effective. The derogations are concerned with the specific characteristics of particular persons. The limit to the exercise and scope of the derogations are set by community law with regard to non-discrimination, proportionality, protection for fundamental rights and the various safeguards in Directive 64/221.3 Directive 64/221 seeks to coordinate all measures relating to entry and deportation from member state territories including the issue and/or renewal of residence permits which can be adopted on grounds of public policy, security, health. Member States are free to determine the scope of these concepts on the basis of their national legislation and case law but within the framework of Community law. Specifically, member states cannot plead the need to derogate from Directive 64/221 in order to service economic ends4 such as high unemployment. However, any measures taken on grounds of public policy, public security or public health must be justified by a real and sufficiently serious threat to a fundamental interest of society and must be in conformity with the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and with the proportionality principle.

America Out of Iraq Now Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

America Out of Iraq Now - Essay Example Some Americans still support the president, but most of us understand that Bush lied about his reasons for going to war, and that he wanted to invade Iraq and depose Hussein before he even took office. The Iraq invasion was a mistake from the very beginning, and now the cost of this war is more than we can bear. More than two thousand American troops have died in this unjustifiable war, which is bad enough, but between thirty-five and forty thousand Iraqi civilians are dead due to U.S.-led military activity in their country (Iraq Body Count). Reservists and National Guardsmen are being sent to Iraq because we are running out of regular military troops to send, but National Guardsmen are more useful to us at home. There should have been more National Guardsmen to help Americans through New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina. Instead, they were in Iraq. Our presence in Iraq is killing thousands of people and it is depriving Americans of their loved ones and the social support that military personnel stationed on American soil can provide to their country. We can't afford the body count, and we can't afford the financial price tag either.

Honor words Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Honor words - Essay Example I am here now and so happy that I choose to honor my words. I read one time that words are powerful. People can choose to believe me or not based on how I act after I tell them something. It is my hope that I can be seen as a person that can be trusted. A person that when I say something, I honor those words, no matter how hard it might be. I must say that it is hard to always do what is right. It is harder to always do what we say, but it is sometimes more easy to just change my mind. If I truly believe in my dream, however, I will continue to honor my words and show people that when I say something, I mean it. You, my teacher, have asked me how I respect my words. I think about this a long time. My simple answer is that I need to respect myself first. I look in the dictionary and find the word integrity. This means, to me, that I need to be honest with myself and others, even when nobody sees what I do. When I think of my words, then, I need to respect what I say and shows others that I am loyal, honest, and a person who will work hard to follow through on what I

Catcher in the rye Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Catcher in the rye - Essay Example The writer has effectively used symbolism to help pass the message that maturation and the Loss of innocence are inevitable rites of passage for all humanity. The author has used the symbol of the Museum of natural history, the Catcher in the Rye and the darks in the frozen pond to show that it is always difficult for an individual to avoid the loss of his or her innocence. The Museum of natural history that Holden used to visit symbolizes a world without changes. Holden wishes that this could apply in life where by nothing had to change. He acknowledges that the main reason why he loved the museum was the fact that everything remained as it was. â€Å"The best thing though in that museum was that everything stayed right where it was. The only different thing in there was you† (Salinger 204). Holden admire the event that everything had to stay the same forever just like the thought of innocence preservation. However, Holden knows that this is not possible and he even goes ahead to admit that he had become a different person in that his innocence had become diminished since he last visited the museum. Another symbol that has been used in the Novel is the Cather in the Rye. Holden say that he would like to be a catcher in the Rye to protect children from tumbling over the edge of a cliff. On the actual sense Holden had misheard the song of which the actual lyrics were if a body meet a body coming through the rye. â€Å"I thought it was if a body catch a body† (Salinger 190). The word meet in the song refers to an encounter that leads to recreational sex. Holden intends to catch children before they fall out of innocence into the knowledge of both sex and adulthood â€Å"That all al do all day. I’d just be the catcher in the eye† (Salinger 194). The last symbol is the dark in the pond. He wonders what happens to the dark in the pond when

Describe the most challenging obstacle you've had to overcome Essay

Describe the most challenging obstacle you've had to overcome. Discuss its impact on your life. What have you learned from the experience How has overcoming this obstacle shaped who you are today - Essay Example According to me, I had answered the question right but the laughter that came from the student directly told me that something had gone a mess. Hands were up; so I was wrong. For long in my new school, I was not able to get any answer right even in Mathematics that I had always been on top in my former school. The life of embarrassments continued, and I was always the laughing stock in my class. Everybody was convinced that I was a minor. The only thing I ever enjoyed at my new school was the evening sound of the bell. It meant going home, and a burden is lifted. My mother later realized my problem in school, and she always told me that I can do much better and be on top of everybody. I had always known my mother to be right, and I was convinced I could be on top of everybody. I never wanted to be the cause of laughter in class. I never wanted to be embarrassed again. All these instilled hard work in me. My ‘motto’ was to do more than what was expected in me so that I be a free man. By extra reading and consultation with teachers and fellow students, everything started working my ways. At one point I could answer a question that no student could. I started making friends even with those who could not even greet me when I was thought to be at the bottom of the class. Even the brightest in the class wanted me to explain a concept for them. I have learnt that when you do the best and excel, you be the center of admiration. Everybody will want to hang out with you just to borrow the simple ideas you have. Additionally, I have also come to realize that with determination and hard work one can be the best and be on top of everybody (Mathews & Amazon.com (Firm), 2009). I have again realized that no hard work go unrewarded. Lastly, I have come to believe that anybody can be the best when he wants. I am a proud doctor today just because I learnt that if I do things

Power and Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Power and Politics - Essay Example Since political legitimacy is define as the extent to which citizens regard the state, its institutions, personnel, or policies are morally or acceptable. On their situation it is difficult and somewhat impossible, to acquire legitimacy as to their response since there is no economic growth , no major political parties to lend stability and continuity for their public policy and also there is no dominant leader since Lucien have resigned and gone away leaving them no authority's to enjoy. An opportunity doesn't come always. People's tendency when given an opportunity is to grab it immediately. But in Michaels situation, there is a big confusion, but remember that Michael have the patience , for he waits for this opportunity for about 2 years though not that long, so this is the chance for him. Since he has a stellar brand results and strong track record that might help him gain the position though there is competition between Danielle Harcourt and him. But let him face it. The will to fight for the position is great emblems of braveness that leaders should possess. He must consider his fellows and help his company gain legitimacy under him. What he needs to do must be for the common good. Not only for his personal progressions but same with his people. Michael should take the China opportunity but let us consider the practicality regarding its job location. If he is an origin of New York and lives there with its culture, it's better for him to stay. If he do really w ants to go too to China as his aspiration, he may go and be a settler for time. Michael enters and performs the Elitism power. He will manned a top hierarchy or elite; for he is one of the powerful individuals of high status which enhanced by prestige or salient position within the hierarchy of the power structure constituting him as an elite. 1) He must provide political stability which makes possible of the continuity of public expectation and government performance essential to the political process. 2) He must impose democracy making possible of the meaningful and wide spreads participation of citizens in the definition of public policy. Cultures matters most surviving of Michael in china is basely difficult. Since he is not aware of china's culture and tradition regarding business of people there. Michael must provide the following: (outline) 1) Goal a) improving the business production b) transaction (deals and orders) c) increase sales 2) Controlling the people a) assign task b) improved leadership with them 3) Hire a) high qualitative persons b) Flexible and hardworking individuals 4) Implement a democratic socialism government a) Authoritarian b) Presidential form Bibliography Rodee C. et al. (1983) Introduction to political Science. USA: Mc

Describe the most challenging obstacle you've had to overcome Essay

Describe the most challenging obstacle you've had to overcome. Discuss its impact on your life. What have you learned from the experience How has overcoming this obstacle shaped who you are today - Essay Example According to me, I had answered the question right but the laughter that came from the student directly told me that something had gone a mess. Hands were up; so I was wrong. For long in my new school, I was not able to get any answer right even in Mathematics that I had always been on top in my former school. The life of embarrassments continued, and I was always the laughing stock in my class. Everybody was convinced that I was a minor. The only thing I ever enjoyed at my new school was the evening sound of the bell. It meant going home, and a burden is lifted. My mother later realized my problem in school, and she always told me that I can do much better and be on top of everybody. I had always known my mother to be right, and I was convinced I could be on top of everybody. I never wanted to be the cause of laughter in class. I never wanted to be embarrassed again. All these instilled hard work in me. My ‘motto’ was to do more than what was expected in me so that I be a free man. By extra reading and consultation with teachers and fellow students, everything started working my ways. At one point I could answer a question that no student could. I started making friends even with those who could not even greet me when I was thought to be at the bottom of the class. Even the brightest in the class wanted me to explain a concept for them. I have learnt that when you do the best and excel, you be the center of admiration. Everybody will want to hang out with you just to borrow the simple ideas you have. Additionally, I have also come to realize that with determination and hard work one can be the best and be on top of everybody (Mathews & Amazon.com (Firm), 2009). I have again realized that no hard work go unrewarded. Lastly, I have come to believe that anybody can be the best when he wants. I am a proud doctor today just because I learnt that if I do things

The Character of Arnold Friend Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Character of Arnold Friend - Essay Example For this purpose, a mention would be made of both direct quotations from the story and also views of a renowned scholar and which add strength to the argument presented by this essay. Here, it needs to be specified that the scope of this essay is confined to solely understanding the character of Arnold Friend, and not to give a detailed summary of the story. Background It was sometime in the second half of 1960s that the author happened to read about Charles Schmid, a serial killer of Arizona who murdered several girls. All these girls were in their teens. In fact, the killer was named as â€Å"The Pied Piper of Tucson†, and Joyce did not take too much of time in deciding to write a story based on the serial killings, and the title of this story is â€Å"Where are you going, Where have you been?†As a matter of fact, the character of Arnold Friend in this story clearly resembles Schmid. Just like the latter, even Arnold Friend is short and attempts to look taller by stuf fing some things in his shoes. Most importantly, in the story, even Arnold goes on to intimidate a teenage girl who was trying to keep him at bay. But here, the author brought an entirely new dimension by adding an element of supernatural phenomenon to the story, and this is what is going to elaborately analyzed in the subsequent section. (1) Analysis The aforementioned supernatural phenomenon is obvious from the narrative of story strongly suggesting that Arnold Friend is Satan himself, in disguise. There are several quotations from the story, which add weight to this argument, and it would be very much apt in having a look at some of those. When Arnold sees Connie for the first time he remarks â€Å"Gonna get you, baby†. That is definitely not a respectable way of addressing ladies, and in fact, this also subtly hints that there is an element of evil in Arnold. (2) When Connie gets worried that her family members would return home, the following is the exact situation. â₠¬Å"Arnold says â€Å"Aunt Tillie’s. Right now they’re uh—they’re drinking. Sitting around,† he said vaguely, squinting as if he were staring all the way to town and over to Aunt Tillie’s back yard. Then the vision seemed to get clear and he nodded energetically. â€Å"Yeah. Sitting around. There’s your sister in a blue dress, huh? And high heels, the poor sad bitch—nothing like you, sweetheart! And your mother’s helping some fat woman with the corn, they’re cleaning the corn—husking the corn.† (2) From the contents stated in the preceding paragraph, it is evident that Arnold Friend possesses paranormal powers. He was vividly able to see the things taking place at a distant location. In popular literature, Satan is described as a combination of these powers and evil intentions, not to mention the ability to effectively assume any form. When Connie was worriedly resisting the advances of Arnold and was trying to make sure that the door gets locked, he remarks â€Å"But why lock it? It’s just a screen door? It’s just nothing.† These words subtly focus on another power of Satan where, locked doors and windows cannot prevent him from gaining entry into a place. Although he explains by stating that breaking a screen door is not an issue for anyone, yet, in light of the contents discussed up to that point in the story, it is but obvious that the power of the evil entity is being referred to. (2) When Connie was still adamant in not yielding to Arnold’s charm, he starts threatening her by saying â€Å"You don’t want your people in any trouble, do you?† That again is a clear reflection of his grossly evil nature- a nature which is characteristic of Satan! The manner in which the story reaches its end subtly points out that he kills

Response to a Staging of Jack Heifner’s “Vanities” Essay Example for Free

Response to a Staging of Jack Heifner’s â€Å"Vanities† Essay I considered the performance an enjoyable one. In other words, I commend the actors and the whole production for doing well. The closeness of Heifner’s masterpiece is really close to what it happening in reality. On the part of the actors, I noticed that the actors were a little nervous during the beginning. They appeared to be a little tensed. But as the play progressed, the actors seemed to be getting into momentum. This made the actors â€Å"initially† guilty of being actors on and off stage. It would be helpful to the actors if they would put into practice what Hagen said about the beginning â€Å"be in character while waiting to go on† (Hagen 97-100). This would give them a headstart so everything flows smoothly. Kathy’s monologue was good. It seemed like the actor had rehearsed it a lot. Although, Hagen might have a problem with that because the audience could see that she practiced it, meaning the audience could see an act she did in real life which was rehearsing. As Hagen puts it â€Å"it’s a monologue if you are alone talking to yourself, if you talk to the audience, it’s a duologue. † (120) Well, Nobody is perfect and criticism promotes growth so I might as well say it. Something seemed to be lacking in some portions of the play. As if the acting was fluctuating at times. Maybe this is because the actors did not genuinely experienced being a cheerleader or a teacher. But I must give it to them for they had managed to constrain their true selves from acting like the people they are off stage. It should be considered that the actors are still young and have much to learn. After all, even oscar winners would find it challenging to follow all of Uta Hagen’s acting tips. Work Cited Hagen, Uta. Respect for Acting. NY: Wiley Publishing Inc. 1973

Essays --

To make its brand personally relevant, surprising, and easy to process, Under Armour initially positioned itself as â€Å"a brand for the next generation of athletes.† Instead of sponsoring established athletes, Under Armour chose to sponsor up-and-coming athletes to show off their product. In first endorsement was a deal with a Dallas Cowboys football player who had been at University of Marland with Under Armour’s founder. Furthermore, the company’s performance apparel had been spotted on endorsers such as Heather Mitts (soccer), Cam Newtown (football), and Derrick Williams (basketball). As Under Armour’s sponsored athletes did well, and their teams won games and even championships, its brand started to gain attention and visibility. Under Armour gains mass recognition and attract young and serious athletes. The brand got exposure although not every rising star became a sports legend. Under Armour continued to make their products relevant by keep upgradi ng and using technology to let its customers with the best sports gear. Moreover, they took advantage of social media by staying connected with customer and offering the important information about their products. This was how Under Armour did to gain attention from onlookers and made its brand personally relevant. It started from a little-known brand name to be able to afford some high-profile deals. It’s surprising since they started out as small company becoming an industry dominated by corporate giants such as Nike and were able to grow and became a serious industry competitor. It made onlookers of sports believing its brand name and quality. Under Armour had a strong brand vision and product was easy to process because they made a clear statement that they wanted to better all a... ...purchase a top of the line product. The guarantee of the product is also clearly seen on the website because Under Armour wants its customers to feel like they matter and if they are not satisfied with the product then they will be fully refunded. This also shows that Under Armour is very confident in their product and truly cares about their customers. Under Armour wants potential customers to read their guarantee because a customer that is having a hard time making a decision of whether or not to purchase a product will see that they can have a full refund if they are dissatisfied. This provides the customer with a low risk, high reward situation and may influence their decision. Products that are continuously updated through technological advancements, has a strong brand name, and a strong mission statement and guarantee creates trust and loyalty with customers.

Astronomers Wife †Just a Simple Complex Tale :: Astronomers Wife Essays

Astronomers Wife – Just a Simple Complex Tale  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kay Boyle's literary piece titled "Astronomers Wife", is a mental exercise. Every word and every line has an important meaning to it. Interpretation is a critical skill in understanding everything Boyle's story has to offer. Although this piece has a lot of sophistication to it, the story line is rather simple. The time period is the early 1900's and the story is regarding a rather young husband and a wife, in there late twenties to mid thirties. The couple lives out on the country side of the United States where houses are far from one another and the land is scenically beautiful. Although their surroundings are beautiful, the couples marriage is not. There is no love expressed between the two. Mrs. Ames goes about her daily routine, day in and day out. Mr. Ames is an astronomy professor who has more love for his profession than for his wife. The professor is a quiet man who uses his wife as somebody to cook his food, clean his clothes, and take care of the house. Mrs. Ames, a young woman in her late twenties, is living the life of sixty year old lady. Her days have no excitement in them what so ever. She isn't able to experience the stimulating life there is to live at her age. The couple does have a young woman servant who is there to help, which shows the two are doing fine financially. One night Mrs. Ames heard the sound of water in the hallway outside the bedroom. The next morning she got up bright and early to deal with the problem of the overflowing toilet by contacting a plumber. The plumber comes to the house and the young servant girl answers the door. She calls up to Mrs. Ames and tells her the man is here. Mrs. Ames gets up, puts on her white and scarlet smock, and in a whispering voice, as not to wake her husband, tells the man to come up the stairs. He does so politely, and right away, gets to his job of soaking up the large puddle in the middle of the upstairs hallway. The plumber is respectful and has manors, something Mrs. Ames notices considerably that is missing from her husband. After staring at the toilet for a few minutes, the plumber tells Mrs. Ames

Stomata Density

Stomata are tiny pores found on the epidermis of the leaf, surrounded by guard cells. [1] Their main function is gas exchange [1] for photosynthesis and respiration. The development of stomata on the leaves of a plant is determined by interaction between different genes and environmental factors. A few studies have been conducted in order to establish a relationship between stomatal densities and given environmental factors. Research has shown that stomatal densities are controlled by environmental conditions during leaf development, but are fixed after the leaf matures. [2]The article â€Å"The influence of light on stomatal density of a tomato† by A. P. Gay and R. G. Hurd describes their findings that plants grown under high light intensity have more stomata per 1 mm 2 than plants grown under low light intensity. [3] The purpose of my investigation is to determine whether there is a correlation between the light intensity and the stomatal density on lavender leaves and wheth er the initial height of the plants influences the stomatal densities. The hypothesis is that an increase in the light intensity will lead to an increase in the stomatal density of the lavender leaf.The first aim of this investigation was to find whether there is a significant correlation between the stomatal density of lavender plants and the light intensity under which they are grown. The second aim of the investigation was to find out whether the initial height of the plant influences its stomatal density. Cuttings were taken from lavender plants to ensure that all the plants were genetically identical and that the only changes occurring in the stomatal density would be due to environmental conditions. Four cuttings were short (3 cm initial height) and four were tall (6 cm initial height).The cuttings were put under compact fluorescent light bulbs with four different power ratings (8, 11, 14, and 20 W). One short and one tall cutting were put under each of the four light bulbs fo r 28 days in order to grow them. Both the short and the tall plants showed a positive correlation between their stomatal densities and the light intensity. The correlation was statistically significant at a 0. 025 significance level according to the Pearson product-moment correlation test.The short and the tall plants grown under the same light intensity did not show any  statistically significant difference between their stomatal densities. The first aim of this investigation was to find whether there is a significant correlation between the stomatal density of lavender plants and the light intensity under which they are grown. The second aim of the investigation was to find out whether the initial height of the plant influences its stomatal density. Cuttings were taken from lavender plants to ensure that all the plants were genetically identical and that the only changes occurring in the stomatal density would be due to environmental conditions.Four cuttings were short (3 cm ini tial height) and four were tall (6 cm initial height). The cuttings were put under compact fluorescent light bulbs with four different power ratings (8, 11, 14, and 20 W). One short and one tall cutting were put under each of the four light bulbs for 28 days in order to grow them. Both the short and the tall plants showed a positive correlation between their stomatal densities and the light intensity. The correlation was statistically significant at a 0. 025 significance level according to the Pearson product-moment correlation test.The short and the tall plants grown under the same light intensity did not show any statistically significant difference between their stomatal densities. When trying to explain the correlation, it is important to consider what stomata are in the first place and what their most important functions are. Stomata are tiny pores [1] found on the epidermis of the plants and their main role is gas exchange between the leaf and the environment. Although stomata l development is essentially controlled by different genes, the environment also has a significant effect on stomatal development.Using plants that are clones in the investigation means that they all have the same genetic material and any changes in stomatal density on their leaves should be due to environmental factors. [9] Both light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration have been shown to influence the frequency at which stomata develop on the leaves of plants. [8] Plants can respond to changes in environmental conditions by changing their stomatal frequency. Recent research has shown that signals from older leaves can influence the development of stomata on the younger leaves.In that way, if the environmental conditions to which the older leaves are exposed change, then the younger leaves can increase or decrease their stomatal density; this physiological adaptation can help the plant cope with the changing environment. Why is the increased light intensity leading to increa sed stomatal density? Photosynthesis is the process by which plants synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide and water. The energy of the reaction is supplied by the sunlight. However, there are two main stages in photosynthesis – light-dependent and light-independent stages.The light-dependent stage depends on the light because the energy from the light is used to split water in the process of photolysis and excite electrons in the chlorophyll. [11] The products from the light-dependent stage are ATP and the electron acceptor – reduced NADP. [11] The products from the light-dependent stage are fed into the light-independent stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. [11] Carbon dioxide is fixed in the light-independent stage and converted to glucose; in the Calvin cycle, the products of the light-dependent stage are needed. So, more ATP and reduced NADP will result in an increased rate of carbon fixation.If the rate of carbon fixation increases, the rate at which carbon dioxide diffuses in and out of the leaf will increase. The light intensity is simply the energy per second per unit area carried by the incident light and it is proportional to the number of photons per second carried by the incident light. [12] Higher light intensity means more photons per second resulting in more electrons per second that would be excited during the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis, and more ATP and reduced NADP are produced. Therefore, increasing the light intensity will increase the overall rate of photosynthesis.The rate of gas exchange will increase as a result. Coming back to the main function of the stomata, increasing the rate of gas exchange may lead to increased stomatal density on the epidermis of the leaf. The adaptation leads to higher carbon dioxide assimilation as the results of recent studies have shown. [2] However, the energy of the incident light arriving per second is also proportional to the wavelength of the light. Therefore, the light intensity depends on the light wavelength. Plants have combinations of chlorophyll pigments [11] that absorb sunlight from the visible spectrum.The light of wavelengths 400-500 nm and 650-700 nm [11] is absorbed the most. These are blue and red light, respectively. Lavender grows well under compact fluorescent light bulbs. [13] By placing colored filters in front of the light bulbs, it can be established which color of light is most suitable for growing lavender and whether the color of light affects the stomatal density. To determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the stomatal densities on the tall and short plants grown under the same light intensity, the Mann-Whitney U test is used.The null hypothesis is that there is no statistically significant difference between the stomatal densities of the tall and the short plants grown under the same light intensity. The null hypothesis may be rejected if the calculated value of U is equal to or smaller th an the critical value. The critical value for U for 10 sets of data is 16. [7] Looking back at the results section, all the calculated values of U are bigger than the critical value, so the null hypothesis is accepted. The initial height did not seem to influence the stomatal development in my investigation.

Heaney’s Poetry Essay

I have recently studied some of your poetry for my leaving certificate english course and I feel greatly changed by what I read. To say the least, it made a strong impression on me. It was a memorable experience. I looked into five of your poems with great depth and they were; â€Å"A Constable Calls†, â€Å"The Forge†, â€Å"The Underground†, â€Å"The Tollund Man†, and of course â€Å"The Skunk†. These poems inspired a range of emotions in me that I would never have expected to feel while reading poetry. In the poem â€Å"A Constable Calls† I feel that the predominant mood is one of tension and hostility. In my opinion it is an explanation of the relationship dynamic between two traditions juxtaposed in the north of Ireland. It is clearly not a friendly, personal relationship. I felt that the way in which you portrayed a young Heaney -an objective observer- was particularly effective to say the least. Even more impressive the young Heaney appears to offer up no opinion yet within the first couple of lines we have a clear sense of the constable. The image we are presented with of the constable is one of authority and control. It appears even â€Å"The pedal treads† are delighted to be â€Å"hanging relieved† from â€Å"the boot of the law†. It seems to me here that not only does this boot refer to the actual boot worn by the constable but also the impersonal, forceful, powerful presence that is the law. I think you captured equally successfully the significance of the exchange between your father and the constable and its meaning to you with the phrase â€Å"Arithmetic and fear†. The air of unease and fear on the part of your father is almost tangeable here. The lack of friendliness is accentuated by the brief exchange of words between your father and the constable. The stern, authoritarian tone of voice he takes with your father when he says â€Å"Any other root crops? Mangolds? Marrowstems? Anything like that? † and the single, unaccompanied response of your father â€Å"No† sent a shiver down my spine as I read. To me, this poem portrayed, extremely effectively, the relationship between your family and the law. â€Å"The Forge† in all its sensuous beauty is by far my favourite poem of yours. The manner in which the â€Å"door into the dark† presents the reader with an interior, strange and atramentous, that as a young boy you are unsure about whether the threshold should be crossed or not. On a literal level, the image you give us as readers and to me as a seventeen year old boy is one of staccato rhythym, life and an abundance of energy, which, while I read it, bestowed onto me a sense of the importance the forge holds in the protection of Irish heritage and tradition as the old is pushed to give way to the new. The incredible way that you blend together the â€Å"clatter/ Of hoofs† from the memory of the blacksmith and what now replaces it, â€Å"Traffic (is) flashing in rows† is enviable at least. This said, I believe too that there is a far deeper meaning, buried deep in under the skin of this poem, much more than just a celebration of local craftsmanship and of cultural roots. In my opinion you also mean to explore, rather ironically, the creative process and the writing of poetry through poetry. The forge in this case being an extended metaphor for the mind and the creative process. Possibly representative of the centre of creativity, you speak of the anvil which â€Å"must be somewhere in the centre† but is not visible to you, the eager observer. If someday I am married and it turns out the way your marriage appears to have in â€Å"The Underground† I will be a lucky man. It is my firm believe that there is a strong divide right in the middle of this poem. It changes from pure ecstasy and excitement to a more sombre, worried, unsure mood towards the end but this is not negative. This is merely pointing out that not everything is all hugs and kisses. It is saying that there are things that need thought to go with everything but that this is part of life. This, I believe, must be understood by the end of the poem to make it worth having read. At the start of any new journey there is aways a sense of excitement and exhiliration, but when things don’t go your way, you can be left â€Å"bared and tensed†. The poem encourages you to delve deep into yourself and seek out the part of your soul distant from even yourself and analyse why you have left this part of you isolate itself. I have an enormous admiration for the way you do this in this poem. As well as this, I feel the unconventional way through which you portray love while also proclaiming your undying love for your wife is fascinating. The mellifluous writing and easy reading of this poem is something admired and envied. â€Å"The Tollund Man† in my honest opinion the most morose, grave, hard hitting poem of yours. It inspires a lot of thought about the human nature. It was written in response to the troubles in Northern Ireland and I feel that using the medium of poetry you search for an answer to modern problems in the past as it is well known that history is constantly repeating itself. It is clear that you are drawing parallels between the ritual killings of the past and the murder of innocent victims nowadays in the north of the country. I feel that you search the memory of the Tollund to get answers but you do not want to â€Å"risk blasphemy† and â€Å"consecrate the cauldron bog/ Our holy ground and pray/ Him to make germinate†. It is my interpretation that in your mind the Tollund man is the key to enlightenment. Is it that you find it hard to confront the reality that is the mindless violence in Northern Ireland? As this is how it appears. You also create a witty but macabre oxymoron at the end when you say â€Å"Unhappy and at home† as you would assume that the one place where a person should be happy is at home but that’s not the case here and I felt that here also you refer to the people who live in Northern Ireland that must deal with the worry of â€Å"The Troubles† everyday. I feel that a nice poem to finish discussing is â€Å"The Skunk† as even thinking of this poem brings a small smile to my face. The lighthearted humourous approach to missing and longing in this poem is astonishing. I believe that this is a poem about your wife. It captures with an breathtaking level of finesse the beautiful nature of an everyday relationship. The ordinary mysteries at the heart of the normal relationship. The comparison of the skunk is probably to emphasise the animalistic naturalness of the relationship along with the primative, erotic nature of the attraction. As you â€Å"begin to tense as a voyeur† as you feel almost as if you are spying on the skunk as she passes, you are reminded of your wife and start to remember the way things were at the start, so romantic, so beautiful. â€Å"After eleven years I was composing/ Love letters again† is a lovely image showing that the excitement and spark that holds a relationship together will not be evident every minute of everyday but that in the end of the day, if you love someone you will always be ready to show them if you need to show them. The long lines, and the enjambement of the poem add to the excitement, playfulness and ease of the poem. It is both sensuous and sensual as you begin to smell â€Å"Small oranges† and see the â€Å"desk light softened†. The tension and expectation you feel is clearly akin to the way you felt about your wife at the time. This sensual imagery all portrays the richness of love. That is all I wanted to say. I believe that it was one of the most memorable experiences of my whole life reading your poetry and I mean that in a good way. It is something I will never look back upon doing in a negative light as I have gained some very important insights into life, love, tradition and conflict resolution from this.

Decision Science for Business

BUSI 508 MIDTERM EXAM PREPARATION – General Information: – Exam counts as 20% of your overall grade – Exams are 100% individual effort–discussions among classmates are prohibited. All reference materials (books, notes, etc. ) shall be closed while taking the exam – There are 48 multiple choice questions: — (General Knowledge) 33 questions which will test your basic knowledge of history, importance of operations research/management science techniques, model terminology, etc. These questions are worth 1 point apiece – (Applications) 15 questions that will require you to analyze screen shots/graphics from Microsoft Excel and interpret information regarding an applied problem. These problems will be very similar to the work you have done on the Excel Exercises and Cases however will not require you to actually use Excel, simply be able to interpret information from the screen shots/graphics. Most of the applied-type problems will be worth 2 points, though some are only worth 1 point depending on the level of difficulty – Once the availability period opens, you will have 2 hours to complete the exam.Your clock starts as soon as you open the exam so you must submit the exam within 2 hours of opening it – Content: – General knowledge on the background of operations research/management science – Value of operations research/management science – Modeling basics (types, applications, etc. ) – Linear programming/Integer Linear Programming basics (difference between the two, building an LP/ILP model, integration of the model into Excel, optimal solution, feasible region, establishing constraints, bounded/unbounded solutions, sensitivity analysis) Network Modeling basics (the Transshipment Problem, nomenclature associated with the visual network model, establishing the model, basic forms of constraints depending on the type of problem – How to Prepare (**Suggestions**): 1. The readings from the textbook are imperative! Simply using the notes that have been provided in the course is not sufficient; this exam assumes you have completed and have a solid comprehension of the assigned readings from the textbook. . This exam assumes you are capable of developing and interpreting Linear/Integer Linear Programming models, sensitivity analysis (as it applies), and network models (both the development of the model and understanding the graphic representation of the model showing the nodes and arcs). If you have successfully completed the Excel Exercises and Case problems, you should be adequately prepared for the applied portion of the exam.